General Motors Company Case Analysis - 2051 Words

General Motors Company General Motors Company, more often known as GM, is a multinational firm that specializes in designing, manufacturing, marketing and distributing vehicles and vehicle parts. It was founded in 1908 by William Durant and Charles Mott and led global vehicle sales for 77 consecutive years (1931 – 2007.) GM is now one of the largest automakers in the world. The auto company employs 212,000 people and does business in more than 120 countries. As a consolidated global entity, with production operations in over 35 countries, GM faces several opportunities for risk exposure. The three main classes of risks that GM faces include operational risk, financial risk and legal, or compliance, risk. Operational risk is one of the largest risks that GM faces, as it includes exposure to failures of their people, their processes, systems and any external events. With operations in countries all over the world, GM is constantly restructuring their day-to-day processes and the structure of the specific operations. For example, they are currently facing difficult operating and market conditions in certain countries, like in Europe, and are forced to restructure, impair or rationalize these operations. As smooth and successful operations in all countries that they do business in is one the keys to their achievement, a failure in these restructurings would result in a significant negative impact to the company. Unfortunately the only thing that they can do toShow MoreRelatedGeneral Motors And The U.s. Auto Industry1029 Words   |  5 Pages Five Forces Analysis of General Motors and the U.S. Auto Industry Trinity Washington University Jessica Jackson I realize the responsibility involved in membership in the Trinity community. I agree to abide by the rules and regulations of this community. 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All the learningRead MoreGeneral Motors And The Affecting Factors Of Everyday Business1464 Words   |  6 PagesGeneral Motors and the Affecting Factors of Everyday Business The company I have selected to do my individual paper on is General Motors. General motors is the second largest auto manufacturer globally, manufacturing cars and trucks in 34 companies. General Motors are headquartered in Detroit, Michigan and employs two hundred and sixty six thousand people. General Motors has many different branches, all vehicle manufacturing branches including, Chevy, Hummer, Saturn, and SAAB to name a few. GeneralRead MoreLegal Analysis Grimshaw V Ford Motor Company1449 Words   |  6 PagesLegal Analysis Grimshaw v. Ford Motor Company Facts In 1972 a Ford Pinto, purchased six months prior, unexpectedly stalled on the freeway in California. The Pinto was hit from behind by a Ford Galaxy, erupting into flames instantly. The driver of the car, Lilly Gray, suffered from fatal burns and died a few days later in the hospital. The passenger, a 13-year old boy named Richard Grimshaw, was also severely injured from burns, which caused his face and body to be permanently disfigured. AfterRead MoreLegal Commentary on Negligence Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesCommentary on Negligence The article: General Motors has recalled 224,000 1998/1999 Cadillac Deville Sedans. As a result of a defective side impact sensor module, the vehicles airbag may either unintentionally deploy or not deploy at all. To date, there have been 306 reports of the sensor malfunction. Of these, 61 of the incidents have resulted in minor injuries such as cuts and bruises. 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Rivalry between existing competitors With the rise of foreign competitors like Toyota, Honda and Nissan in the 1970s and 80s, rivalryin the American auto industry has become much more intense. Firms compete on both price andnon-price dimensions. The price competition erodes profits by drawing down price-cost marginswhile non-price competitionRead More5 forces of Porter Rolls Royce1629 Words   |  7 PagesRoyce on the 5 (+1) forces of Porter matrice: For this case I will use the company Rolls Royce. Not the one which build cars but the historic one which create motors for aviation, marine or energetic solution. First let’s have a presentation of this company: Rolls Royce was founded by two men in 1906 in England, Henry Royce and Charles Rolls. They were producing motors for planes. The important thing we have to know is their motors were used a lot during the two World War. For example during

How Advertising Affects What We Buy - 846 Words

To understand how advertising affects what we buy, we must first have an understanding of what advertising is. Advertising, in its simplest terms, is the activity or profession of producing advertisements for commercial products or services. However, is that all advertising truly is? There is not a single generally accepted definition of advertising. Advertising is a form of communication used by a marketer to relay information about a product to consumers, thus creating awareness (What Advertising is†¦ 1). Advertising is very important to our way of life and is viewed differently depending on the perspective of the viewer. Until the 19th century there were no advertising agents either in Europe or in America. Anyone who wished to advertise had to deal directly with their local newspapers. By 1800, difficulties and complexities were beginning to grow up around the simple, direct relation between merchant and newspaper. The new complexities of business had created a need for a sp ecializing middleman. The work of these advertising specialists were to assist in the buying and selling of a commodity, namely, newspaper space. By the 1830s editors in large cities were finding it advisable to send out employees from time to time among the local merchants and manufacturers to solicit orders for advertising (Hower 13-17). Two of the earliest advertising agents of whom we have definite record, Volney B. Palmer of Philadelphia, and John Hooper of New York, started their advertisingShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Advertising On Today s Culture863 Words   |  4 Pageseverywhere today. Author James Twitchell says, â€Å"Adcult is there when we blink, it s there when we listen, it s there when we touch, it s even there to be smelled in scent strips when we open a magazine.† There are thousands of products being advertised every minute, and they are being promoted in all sorts of ways. 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For that reason , people shouldRead MoreAdvertisement as a Social Phenomenon953 Words   |  4 Pages Advertising is an important social phenomenon. Consumers are constantly confronted with advertisements in our daily lives. Seeing as how advertising is such a large chunk of our daily lives, it can be assumed that it will have an affect on not only us as individuals but our society as a whole. My question is â€Å"Are the affects doing more harmful than helpful?† As you yourself are a part of the body of consumers, you should take an interest in this. Think about this for a second, have you ever watchedRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Children1403 Words   |  6 Pagesage when you ask a child what they would like as a gift they can give you a list of a million things and this list changes every day. It should come as no surprise though with the way the toy market aggressively advertises towards children. They base the continuation of certain television shows based upon the sales of certain products, they create video games based around toys to generate interest on two fronts, and they even use food as a way to get toy names out. But what does that really do forRead MoreThe Negative Influence Of Advertising In Our Life1239 Words   |  5 PagesAdvertising has become so prevalent in our lives today due to mass media. It is every form from print to online through social media and websites, advertising has never had this much importance. From driving in your car to scrolling through your daily feed every person is exposed to advertising in a variety of forms. Since advertising has become so dominant in our daily lives, each advertisement that comes out is critically analyzed by consumers, and many people see advertising as a very negativeRead MoreFalse Advertising And Its Effect On Business1334 Words   |  6 PagesFalse Advertising False advertising is a growing trend among businesses in our economy and normal life. This trend includes directly trying to trick the consumers into thinking that they are getting something great but in reality they are getting nothing. All age groups are targeted by false advertising, it is just a matter of how smart of a consumer you are. Almost all companies are guilty of this crime. The biggest and major companies that are big into false advertising are weight loss programsRead MoreProject Management Study Guide Essay1125 Words   |  5 PagesExercises – Kimberly Matthews 10.1 – Sequential decisions: Present an example of a sequence of two or more decisions followed by an uncertainty. Should we open a bakery or a diner? If we open a bakery, should we sell specialty items, like wedding cakes, or sell a variety of baked goods? If we open a diner, should we be open from 6am – 11pm daily or should we be open 24 hours? 10.2 – Information gathering and decisions: Think of a decision scenario where decisions are interspersed with random eventsRead MoreAdvertising And Its Affects On Children1090 Words   |  5 PagesAdvertising and its Affects on Children Advertising, for years, has been under criticism for the unethical messages they send out to, not only the public, but specifically young children. The effect of advertising on children’s minds is, and should be, a main concern for our country. According to Television Watching Statistics, kids in the U.S. watch an estimated 16,000 television commercials a year. Much deception can be cognitively consumed from that amount of advertising. Intense marketing affects

Cultural Intimacy Social Poetics in the Nation-State

Question: Describe about the Cultural intimacy of Social poetics in the nation-state? Answer: 1. The marketing manager will design plans which will ensure a successful launch into the New Zealand Market. The main area of focus will be to hit the entire demographic segment with its renowned designer mobile phones, covering the high income as well as the medium income group. 2.The viability of the marketing plan and strategy should be confirmed from the immediate superior, who could be the General Manager of the company. He in turn may contact the Research and Development Team. 3.It is possible to formulate a number of marketing activities to attract the wide range of customers belonging to different age, gender, profession and cultural beliefs. Cultural social appropriateness- One of the main motives is to hit the society at large by designing lucrative handsets according to the customers age and gender. Various kiosks could be set up at public gatherings or shop-in-shops can also be set up inside various shopping malls. Cost- The cost of the handsets should be kept at a very competitive level. Neither it should be too high nor too low than the competitors. The prices should be displayed in an attractive manner through banners or hoardings both on the road and inside the shop-in-shops also. Viability suitability- The products should be made available to the customers easily. There should be adequate number of dealers and proper advertising and promotional events must be done to create the awareness of the brand in the mind of the customers. For implementing these activities, permission or approval needs to be obtained from the Regional Sales Manager, who in turn will seek approval from the National Head of the organization after proper discussion with the concerned persons. In this section we are going to elaborate the costs associated with 2 of the marketing activities. a) Cost of kiosk set up - The average cost of setting up a kiosk could be 130 NZD. Along with that there could be some associated costs for the refreshment of the person at the kiosk. b) Cost of shop-in-shop The average cost of developing a shop-in-shop inside a mall could be approximately 220 NZD. The first preference would be Kiosks as they could be set up in different locations at a comparatively cheaper cost. The second choice will be setting up the shop-in-shops at various malls, which will be obviously more expensive. The resources required for setting up shop-in-shops as well as kiosks are a good advertising campaign, organizations who build customized kiosks and shop-in-shops, a few employees of the company who would sit in the kiosks and look after the shop-in-shops. Some people might also be hired from the outside (Brown Harvey, 2011). After deciding on the marketing plan finally, the company needs to intimate that to the marketing and advertising department. Each employee must actively participate in the process and for that purpose the company should design certain banners and place them inside the office premises to catch the attention of every employee and make them involved in the process. In order to connect with the people of different cultures, beliefs and ages in New Zealand, firstly, the organization should take care to learn the native language of the place. They should understand the socio-cultural scenario and the tastes and preferences of the entire demographic segment. Secondly, the persons associated with the company should have good communication skills, along with convincing and understanding powers. A successful company is one who has crossed the barriers of nationality into the international market. The motto of Somotel should be to empathize with the native people of New Zealand and understand their values and culture and then provide services keeping that in mind. The company has to face many challenges while setting up business in the international market and a majority of the success depends on the proper negotiation skills. After all the strategies have been approved by the higher authority, it is finally the time for implementation. It is very important to follow the guidelines which have been designed. The budget should be put into practice and care should be taken so that there is minimum deviation. In this way the promotional activities need to be launched. The promotional activities should be wisely assigned to the respective persons. It is to be observed that these plans and strategies are followed religiously and there is no deviation. For this reason the supervisors should monitor what their subordinates are doing and in case of breach, proper action should be taken. After setting up the objectives of the company, they should be properly implemented to be on the right path. From time to time the managers should monitor the business performance of the employees and see whether they are working in the right direction or not. Periodical appraisal programs should be developed for each employee. Here we will discuss about how the marketing activities meet the various legal, ethical, safety cultural requirements. For any organization, in order to succeed in the long run, especially in the international market, it is of utmost importance to follow all the legal and ethical requirements. The performance of the marketing plan should be monitored at every level. Every process shall be strictly monitored by the respective supervisors who have been assigned their respective tasks. It should be maintained by the entire hierarchy and strict action should be taken if any one deviates. In case of any gap between the performance as desired and as obtained, the company should act very smart in dealing with such issues. It should investigate the reason for such gap and try to understand the reason behind it. If it is found that the employee is guilty, then at first the employer should use constructive criticism and try to deal with the employee one to one. If this does not solve the problem in future, then the manager can take a strong action against him. In case there is an over-achievement of targets by the employee, then the company should provide him with incentives and rewards. The company should put special focus on the performing employees and motivate them more and more and reward them accordingly because this will increase their motivation. In order to motivate the staffs to perform more, the company has to set up rewards and recognitions programs, lucrative incentive structures and promotion paths for the employees. The employees should always be motivated to work more and give that extra effort, so that they can earn their promotions and incentives. The marketing mix comprises of the following:- Product Price Place Promotion Regarding all these criteria, it is very important for the company to get proper feedback from the customers. What the customers feel about the product, whether they like it or not, what could be improved, should be known, if the company has to sustain in the international market. A constant research work needs to be present in order to identify the varying tastes and preferences of the customers. The world is dynamic. What is liked today may not be liked tomorrow. So the company should continuously update its products and services according to the demand of the customers (Bryman, 2012). The SWOT analysis method can be used to identify changes in the market phenomena for new business opportunities. Here is a brief description of the process:- Strength- identifies the strength of the company compared with the rivals. Weakness- what are the areas of weakness where the company should rectify. Opportunity- it refers to what could be the new opportunities for the company in the industry. Threats- In this analysis, it is to be seen what are the rival companies and what threats they can pose for the company (Rapport, 2014). International Commercial Terms (INCOTERMS) - Incoterms or International Commercial Terms refer to various regulations relating to trade and commerce which are followed in both domestic and international trade. They are framed by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). It makes the international trading easier. It was passed in 1936 and has been updated over a period of time and the last one was in 2010. Customs Legislation Amendment and Repeal Act- It refers to a bill which was passed in order to make amendments and also to revoke certain legislative clauses relating to the Customs and similar purposes. It was passed last on 2000. It is also known as International Trade Modernization Bill. Trade Practices Act- The Trade Practices Act was introduced in Australia in 1974 in order to have control and regulation over the trading activities. It replaced the prevailing Restrictive Trade Practices Act 1971. It was passed to frame some basic set of guidelines for the legal occurrence of trade and commerce in Australia. Warsaw Convention- The Warsaw Convention was signed on 12th October 1929 in Warsaw, the capital of Poland. It is a treaty which relates to various clauses relating to international aviation. It lays down various liabilities relating to the aircraft company, both in case of passenger travel and goods travel. It came into force from 13th February 1933. World Trade Organization- It came into existence on 1st January 1995. It is an organization for the regularization of international trade. Its headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland. Its main objective is to liberalize and supervise international trade. It has currently 160 member countries under its supervision. Organizational client relationship strategy- For any organization the clients are the main seeds of revenue and growth. So a firm should give absolute priority to servicing the clients and retaining their loyalty towards the organization for a long period of time. This can be done by developing capable relationship managers and training them well on how to service clients with loyalty and knowledge (Herzfeld, 2014). References: Herzfeld, M. (2014).Cultural intimacy: Social poetics in the nation-state. Routledge. Rapport, N. (2014).Social and cultural anthropology: The key concepts. Routledge. Bryman, A. (2012).Social research methods. Oxford university press. Brown, D. R., Harvey, D. (2011).An experiential approach to organization development. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Tehran Chokes and Blames Severe Pollution on US Sanctions

Table of Contents Summary Introduction Analysis Conclusion Reference List Summary This article (Dehghan 2010) explains the effects of pollution on Tehran and why sanctions are imposed by US government. Tehran is overpopulated and since the major mode of transport is by road a lot of carbon dioxide is emitted into the air hence the air in that city is polluted and when this gas is added to the gases emitted by the newly established refineries, the amount of carbon dioxide and other toxins doubles.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Tehran Chokes and Blames Severe Pollution on US Sanctions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is an example of negative externality since pollution is caused by the daily activities in Tehran. In the recent past, people could stand minimal pollution but the current situation has become unbearable. The sanction against Iran hinders it from trading with other nations. On its part the Iranian government has been pointing an accusing finger on US government. Introduction An externality emerges when a third party is affected by any economic undertaking, thus they may experience either cost or benefit. A benefit is normally referred to as a positive externality, whereas a cost is termed as a negative externality. Things like technology are considered to be positive externalities because they benefit not only the inventors but the society at large. Negative externalities include air pollution and the social cost of drug usage (Mankiw 2008). In this regard, Iran is the world’s largest source of crude oil but then it has not been refining this oil due to lack of adequate facilities. The trade in crude oil has been doing well in the past until recently when US imposed sanctions on Iran which barred other nations from trading with Iran. While the government insists on the effect of air pollution, these sanctions have impacted negatively on Iran due to pollution. T his paper seeks to establish the effect of pollution and sanctions, and the solutions to these types of externality. Analysis The trade in crude oil has been beneficial to Iran because its economy relies on oil since its terrain cannot support other economic activities such as agriculture hence mining forms the base of economy in Iran. Just a few months ago the US government has imposed sanctions that have hindered trade between Iran and other nations and since Iran exports crude oil to other countries where its refined and then imported to Iran, the country has been devastated. The production of oil in Iran and motorized transport has resulted to excessive air pollution which in turn has made the city to be in bad condition. The sanctions have affected other economic sectors including banking because large amounts of money held by banks have been frozen hence there is inadequate supply of currency in Iran (Wright 2007). The US government imposed sanctions with the aim of punishing the Iranian government but then the punishment did not land on the intended target because by looking at the situation on the ground its not the government that is being punished but the common people.Advertising Looking for report on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The pollution has persisted which has led to the closure of learning institutions because the gases emitted are quite toxic such that people have to put on gas masks to avoid breathing in the carbon monoxide and its harmful compounds (Dehghan 2010). In this regard, air pollution is considered a negative externality. The certainty of production and consumption externalities leads to differences in private and social costs of production and usage. This implies that the costs and benefits of externalities should be added to the social cost and social benefits respectively (Mankiw 2008). This is the case of Tehran since sanctions and air pollution has resulted in social costs as explained in the previous paragraphs. The following graphs explain the concept of negative externality, where: MSC = Marginal Social Cost; MPC = Marginal Private Cost; MPB = Marginal Private Benefit; and MSB = Marginal Social Benefit. Graph 1: Negative externality in Consumption This type of externality is experienced since the MPB (the demand curve of Tehran’s oil producing companies) exceeds the MSB (the demands of the society). Thus, the people of Tehran tend to like a quantity Q1 and the companies producing oil prefer quantity Q2. Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Tehran Chokes and Blames Severe Pollution on US Sanctions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Graph 2: Negative Externality in Production The shaded area represents the externality brought about by production. This is because the MPC (the cost of producing crude oil) is less than the MSC (the effects of pollution on people and the environment). Thus, the MPC is skewed to the right. The strategy of controlling the externality would require merging the social cost/benefits to the private costs/benefits. In trying to solve the problem of pollution and sanctions, Iran has been forced to look for alternatives to make sure its crude oil is refined because it does not sell crude oil because it does not have a refinery plant. Thus Iran has opted to refine the crude oil herself. Perhaps this is because the government of Iran is aware of the demand for oil is high all over the world. Kessler (2008) explains that it is clear that the government of Iran did not consider the effects of polluting the environment and this means they don’t have proper mechanisms of recycling the gases generated at their refinery. According to an article from the Tehran Times (2010), the Iranian government has realized that the sanctions could lead to economic decline but then its latest option has done more harm than good beca use vital sectors such as education has been halted. In addition, to that the health of Tehranians is at risk and of late more people have been admitted into hospitals because they can not breathe well. Besides, the mayor of Tehran, Qalibaf has urged the government to improve public transport with the aim of reducing air pollution. Measures include using alternate means of transport such as mass transportation and bicycling and imposing restrictions on road usage (Tehran Times 2010). The government cannot afford to ignore the refining of crude oil but it should consider introducing mechanisms of capturing the gases before they are emitted into the atmosphere. Alternatively, the refinery plant can be relocated to an isolated place far from human settlements (Torbat 2005).Advertising Looking for report on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Air pollution has been the major cause of Tehran problems. The Iranian government should consider giving in to the demands of US government for the sake of its citizens so as to have the sanctions lifted because the sanctions will eventually lead to decline in economy which will result to other problems such as civil unrest. According to Fassihi and Cummins (2008) the refineries of oil emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere which depletes the ozone layer which in return contributes to global warming. Air pollution is therefore a negative externality that should be avoided. Hence, the government should consider these effects and engage with the American government in negotiations. Reference List Dehghan, Saeed. 2010. â€Å"Tehran chokes and blames severe pollution on US sanctions†. The Guardian. Web. Fassihi, Farnaz and Cummins Chip. 2008.†Iranians Scheme to Elude Sanctions†. Wall Street Journal. Web. Kessler, Glenn. 2008.†US links Iranian Bank to Fifth Avenue Building†. The Washington Post. Web. Mankiw, Gregory. 2008. Principles of Economics. 5th ed. USA: Cengage Learning. Tehran Times. 2010. â€Å"Improving Public Transport is right Solution to Air Pollution†. Web. Torbat, Akbar. 2005. †Impacts of the US trade and financial sanctions on Iran†, The world Economy, vol 28, No.3, pp.407-437. Wright, Steven. 2007. The United States and Persian Gulf Security: The foundations of the war on terror. Ithaca Press. This report on Tehran Chokes and Blames Severe Pollution on US Sanctions was written and submitted by user Nash Holder to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The eNotes Blog Calling all teachers check out our new eNotes lessonplans!

Calling all teachers check out our new lessonplans! Here at , we publish new lesson plans and response journals for teachers all the time. Check out our latest additions below! And remember, these items are free for download with your subscription to the   Teachers Edition.   New Lesson Plans: ( lesson plans have been written, tested, and approved by working classroom teachers. The main components of each plan include an in-depth introductory lecture, discussion questions, vocabulary lists, chapter-based questions, essay prompts and a multiple-choice test. They also offer complete answer keys for the instructor.) Jane Eyre  (174 pages) Things Fall Apart  (85 pages) Death of a Salesman  (47 pages) New Response Journals: (An Response Journal is designed to encourage your students to read and write more effectively and with more pleasure. Each Response Journal includes a rich variety of writing prompts: some will take students directly into the text, while others will give students an opportunity to express their thoughts and feelings and to reflect on their own experiences.) The Hunger Games  (26 pages) Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry  (20 pages) About our special Teachers Edition: The Teachers Edition currently offers 105 lesson plans, with 3 new plans added each month. Your subscription guarantees you an unlimited number of downloads of these plans and response journals, plus other classroom resources like user-uploaded documents, daily QA, and thousands of study guides. For more information on the Teachers Edition or a free sample of one of our lesson plans, click here. Are you a teacher? employs real instructors as Educators in our Homework Help program for students. Submit your application today and join our team of experts!

How to Build Your Persuasion Skills and Get What You Want

How to Build Your Persuasion Skills and Get What You Want Whether you’re about to enter an interview situation or would just like generally to be a more persuasive person, there are things you can do to build your likability- and  your ability to get what you want, when you want it. You don’t have to be innately good looking, super social, and super talented to be likable and persuasive. You just need to boost your emotional intelligence and build your persuasion skills. What Great Persuaders Have In CommonThere are some key behaviors that people who get what they want all have.People PleasingKnowing when and how to sacrifice in order to win the  war, rather than every small battle, is an important skill. Good persuaders know  how to give ground to coworkers (even adversaries!) and play the long game by making people happy.Not PushingYou must establish needs and ideas assertively and with confidence, but without being pushy or overly impatient†¦ all while never being mousy or a pushover!Knowing their AudiencePeople who get what they want know how to play to whatever crowd or group they’re  facing, know when to quit or pull back slightly, and learn to paint a specific picture in order to sell an idea.Using Body Language EffectivelySmiling is a secret weapon you should not underestimate- inspiring trust and confidence in your colleagues and managers. But other kinds of body language are helpful as well, such as keeping your arms open and not crossed, leaning in, and making eye contact.ListeningAcknowledging your listener’s point of view, asking intelligent questions, and using their name are all great ways to show your openness to other points of view and your willingness to compromise.Establishing a ConnectionIf you want to make real connections, the best way to do this is to find common ground with the people you speak to and to be genuine, rather than trying to conform to some idea of what you think people want to see or hear from you.How You can Improve Your Skills to Get a J obIf you are facing an interview situation, then there are a few extra tips to prove (and practice) your persuasiveness.Determine Whether You’re Thinking or FeelingDecide based on your interviewer whether it would be most beneficial to preface what you’re saying with â€Å"I think† or â€Å"I feel.† Research shows this makes a difference depending on how the person you are speaking to is oriented, with most analytical/cognitive-oriented people being more susceptible to thought/task-oriented language.Think of Yourself a Product to PitchRemember that an interview is a sales pitch. Don’t just rely on rehashing your experience. Find a way to market and sell yourself. Try recording three unique selling points, or your brand, that you want your interviewer to remember after you leave. Never offer a standard answer when you could tailor your answer to be more relevant to your interviewer’s business and their experience. Speak with passion and youâ €™ve got yourself a real sales pitch!Come Armed with KnowledgeDo the homework necessary to be taken as an expert. Research the industry, wield the jargon, and prepare examples of how you would be (because you already have been) effective in dealing with the kinds of problems you might confront in this job.Project ConfidenceRemember that projecting confidence is absolutely crucial to presenting your ideas. The best way to achieve the right degree of confidence is to practice as much as possible, until what you’re saying is automatic and comfortable. Then just remember to breathe regularly to keep your nerves at bay. If you get derailed, just try and mimic the behavior, postures, and tone of the most confident person you know! Eventually, you’ll start to feel as confident as you are acting.

Limitations on Police Force Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Limitations on Police Force - Research Paper Example Thesis statement: The limitations on Police Force are dangerous to police officers and citizens because the same affect the proper functioning of law enforcement. How police officers are limited in their way of handling everyday actions? To be specific, police officers are properly trained and permitted to use physical force in critical conditions. In addition, police officers are authorized to maintain peace and security in a society and their actions must be considered as an integral part of their duty. Vincent (1990), opines that â€Å"The right to resort to the legitimate use of force and the law is a constant backup or factor that makes the police officer’s role different from all other occupations† (p.77). During internal/external insurgencies, the Police Force is fully responsible to keep law and order in the mainstream society. For example, when an internal or external insurgency occurs, it is the duty of the police officers to conduct search. In this situation, limitation on using physical force will hinder the progress of investigation. Williams (2005), opines that â€Å"Decisive, timely, and forceful intervention, when needed to overcome the suspect’s illegal acts, can lead to less severe resistance and fewer police responses involving high levels of force† (p.17). ... When the level of the force used by police officers goes beyond limitations, there exists high possibility for criticism from the public. Some of the limitations faced by the police officers while handling everyday actions include limited gun use, limited physical use and limited use of chemical agents. A. Limited gun use The police officers use guns in extremely critical conditions because they are aware of the consequences of the same. When the usage of guns in critical conditions is limited, there exists high possibility for injury or even death. Lieberman (1999), states that â€Å"Individual police officers may be sued for DAMAGE in federal courts for violation of a person’s constitutional rights† (p.354). Besides, this limitation hinders the police officers from handling their everyday actions in an effective manner. B. Limited physical use In certain situations (say, during violent demonstrations), the police officers may be forced to use their physical power to r educe the scope of large scale calamities. Shetreet (1988) makes clear that â€Å"Indeed, it may be the case that without the use of physical force by police officers during interrogation, occasionally persons who had committed crimes would escape conviction and punishment† (p.277). During these types of situations, limited physical use is impractical because the best possible way to control the outraging mob is to use physical force. So, limited physical use in certain situations will reduce the confidence level of the police officers. C. Limited use of chemical agents In certain situations, some chemical agents like pepper sprays are used by the police officers. The usage of chemical agents is less

The Media in contemporary culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Media in contemporary culture - Essay Example Of course, different people have various opinions on why the advertising is effective. For example, Berger, who wrote Ads, Fads, and Consumer Culture states advertising are a lottery, as it is still that nobody knows what advertisement will be effective and what will not. Berger adds that the advertisement executives believe that they waste half of money, spent on advertisements, but no one knows which half it is. (2000, p.2-3). Nowadays media is one of the most powerful instruments of forming the opinions of its consumers. Most of the marketing strategies that exist nowadays are built on the influences of the media. It is the irreplaceable instrument for selling things. Decades ago people bough what they needed, and their needs were dictated by their life conditions and financial status. It is nowadays that at first media creates the need in the specific product or group of products in people, and than they purchase the advertised thing. Thanks to the media people no longer buy things they need; they rather buy the attributes of the desired social status. Hirschman (2003) states that core societal values have an important role on advertising production and reception. Thus, to become fashionable, a product has to be promoted emphasizing its contribution to those societal values. Today media dictates people not only what they should buy, but also how they should behave, and what should they long for. Lindner, the author of the study, which analyzes the images of women in general interest and fashion magazine advertisements, states that: "advertisements often contain very subtle clues about gender roles and may operate as socializing agents on several levels. Because advertisements are publicly broadcast, the men and women portrayed are often perceived to represent the whole population, and men and women in the advertisements seem to accept these portrayed behaviors,

African American vs. Caucasian Americans Essay Example for Free

African American vs. Caucasian Americans Essay Is Racism a Permanent feature of American Society? Derrick Bell argues in this issue that the prospects for achieving racial equality in the United States are â€Å"illusory for Blacks. Bell reminds us despite the fact of the progress of blacks in United States; the legacy of slavery has left a portion of the race â€Å"with life-long poverty and soul devastating despair†. Bell believes that race consciousness is so imbedded in whites that it is virtually impossible to rise above it. He also argues that â€Å"few whites are able to identify with blacks as a group† and tend to view blacks through â€Å"comforting racial stereotypes†. Bell feels strongly that critical and proper examination of the history of black-white relations supports his conclusion that racism is a permanent feature of American Society. Bell makes some good point about racism in the American society today. The fact that the psychical part of racism is gone does not mean that racism as permanently left American Society. The fact that racism still â€Å"exist† is does not reflect on blacks’ success any longer. Majority of whites had a head start because their generation of success goes so many years back, were as for blacks success was not allowed at a point in time. Blacks have come a long ways over the years but there is still racial discrimination that â€Å"affects† the black population. Dinesh D’Souza does not agree with Bell, he believes that racism is not a permanent Strain of fabric in the American Society. D’Souza distinguishes between racial discrimination that is â€Å"irrational, motivated by bigotry† and which is â€Å"rational from the point of view of the discriminator. † D’Souza admits that such discrimination may be harmful to individual blacks but he rejects any casual linkage between the lagging indicators of blacks’ overall progress with racial discrimination. He believes race is a diminishing force within American society, D’Souza argues that factors other than racial discrimination are the sources of lagging process toward the American Dream. D’Souza reasoning for blacks not achieving more in America is because blacks fail to observe and embrace certain cultural norms of the dominant American Society. He implies that those who are successful exhibit cultural values that promote success. He states blacks need to place a much greater emphasis on overcoming cultural barriers rather than continuing to assert that race is being held by a persistent racism that afflicts America. Black’s generation has come a long way in American Society. Racism shouldn’t be the excuse for the failure in African American success when in 1919- current we have African American first. Slavery started around 1808 and ended in 1865 due to Lincoln Emancipation Proclamation. Racism was still in effect because the fact that blacks had rights was new. Still in all there were blacks who succeed shortly after that time. Madame C. J. Walker was the first African American female who was a self-made millionaire. In 1893 Dr. Daniel Hale Williams was the first black to perform open heart surgery. In 1908 Jack Johnson was the First African-American world heavyweight Champion. In 1993 Toni Morrison was the first African-American to win the Nobel Prize for literature. In 2009 Barack Obama was the first black president of the United States, with the support of some whites. Racism still is â€Å"permanent† due to history but it is not an excuse for Blacks not becoming successful. Derrick bell major argument is that blacks are faced at the bottom of the well. Bell exclaims despite undeniable progress for many, no African American is insulated from incidents of racial discrimination. He states because of our color we are threaten through our lives, careers. Dinesh D’Souza states racism undoubtedly exists, but it no longer has the power to thwart blacks or any other group in achieving their economic, political, and social aspirations. The arguments relates to the overall theme because yes, racism still occurs but it should not pun Blacks from achieving their aspiration. Bell major point is as a Black he experiences the racism. Blacks can work in a white community and experience racism because whites fear the superiority of blacks. D’Souza points out in his argument that racism is the least bit worries blacks should have, when there are black on black crime occurring. Racism should not be such an excuse for â€Å"underclass† blacks not achieving their goals. D’Souza points out the facts where African Americans now live in a country where black man, Colin Powell, who three decades ago could not be served in restaurants, is now a Joint chief staff. Also a white man who supported the nomination of Clarence Thomas, a black man married to a white, for the Supreme Court. D’Souza question is if white racism controls the density of blacks today, how one segment of black community has prospered so much over the past generation. Some unsupported claims in bells argument was he says, â€Å"Modern discrimination is, moreover, not practiced indiscriminately. † Bell implies whites idolize black athletes and entertainers but refuse to hire and work with blacks. Bell also states whites who number individuals blacks among their closest friends approve, or do not oppose, practices that bar selling or renting homes or apartments in their neighborhood to blacks they do not know. Then in his argument he also states that most hotels and restaurants, who offer black patrons courteous treatment, uniformly reject black job applicants. Bell defense for this was â€Å"When did you last see black waiter in a really good restaurant†. These are unsupported claims because this may be true but there are no proven facts that racist is the cause of these arguments. In D’Souza arguments there were not any unsupported claims really found. D’Souza stated his arguments and had accurate information to support his defense. D’Souza makes great points and has a lot of validity in his arguments. He states if blacks are going to reform their community, they have a right to expect that they will be treated equally under law. Hypothetically speaking D’Souza implies if blacks were refused hire on every baseball team in America, blacks would suffer most because they would be denied the chance to play professional baseball. Fans would also suffer because the quality of games would diminish. He says â€Å"But what if a few team-say the New York Yankees and the Los Angeles Dodgers- refused to hire blacks? † African Americans has a group would hardly suffer at all, because they would offer there service to other teams. D’Souza saying the Yankees and the Dodgers would suffer a great deal, because they would be deprived of the chance to hire talented blacks’ players. Eventually the competitive pressure would force those teams to either hire blacks or suffer losses in games and revue. Then he makes another valid point he referenced from Gary Becker pointed out, in free market, selective discrimination imposes the heaviest cost on the discriminator where it should be. Some whites will undoubtedly discriminate against blacks but with deal with them because of the law and taste for profit. *Dinesh D’Souza is an Indian American conservative political commentator, public intellectual and current president of the King’s College in New York City. He graduated from Dartmouth College, where he graduated with a B. A. in English. D’Souza also published a book in 2007 called The Enemy at home: the cultural left and its responsibility for 9/11. In his argument D’Souza used government documents, books, articles and oral very frequently. D’Souza would state his opinion and have facts and documents to support his defense. No, the reading did not significantly add to my knowledge because these are issues that has been discussed for many years. In the article I did learn some new ways of thinking of Racism. This article did broaden my thoughts with the factual evidence the authors used to support their defense. I would recommend this article to be read to those who do not have a clear understanding of the term racism. The subject that was focus on in this case study is racism a permanent feature of American Society? The case study focused on political, social and economic issues. Bell argued blacks will never gain full equality in American and D’Souza argued that blacks have equality and racism is not important issue blacks should be worried about in today society.

Digicams :: Cameras Technology Papers

Digicams Buying a technical product, which you don’t know very well about it, could be one of the unwise things that you’ve ever done. I’ve done that kind of stupid thing which was buying my first digital camera. Four years ago, I wanted to replace my film camera with a digital camera so I bought an Argus digital camera which was a bad one. I don’t mean that Argus cameras cannot take nice pictures, but they cannot compete to the other big brand cameras like Canon, Nikon, Konica, Olympus, or Kodak. When I bought the Argus digital camera, I should have spent a little more money to get one of those good cameras than I could afford. I admit that it was my stingy behavior, but another reason I bought that camera was the salesman’s suggestion from the store. As I already admitted that it was my fault, I didn’t blame on him, and I should have noticed that he was not a professional. I should have got sufficient information about the digital camera from some p rofessional in that field before I decided to purchase. After I got a good lesson with my first digital camera, I carefully looked at the digital camera reviews websites before I bought my second one. There are many review websites for digital camera, and some online stores have their own customer reviews link. Finally, I think I found out some good digital camera review websites which are http://www.steves-digicams.com, http://www.dcresource.com and http://www.cnet.com. As I said before, there are many good digital camera review websites, but I believe those three websites are more up to date and more detail in technical explanations and other related links. Also, I’d like to compare those three sites and explain which one is the best one. First I’d like to describe about â€Å"Steve-digicams† site, which was founded by Steve in early 1997. Steve has over 30 years experience in photography, and his reviews are easy to understand regardless of reader’s computer or photography experience. Steve’s site has reviews on almost every latest model digital camera. There are several contents in Steve’s site. The main contents are â€Å"Camera Reviews†, â€Å"Printer Reviews†, â€Å"Accessory Reviews†, â€Å"Buyer’s Guide†, â€Å"The Best Cameras†, â€Å"Digicam Software† and â€Å"Users’ web pages†. Even though there are several links (contents) without any graphic or pictures in Steve’s homepage, it is still very simple and easy to navigate. In order to read the review for the camera you want, you just have to click on the link â€Å"Digital Camera Reviews† and choose the cameras based on models from drop down menu or resolutions from main menu box.

Agent of the Disease Essay

The term â€Å"awareness† has become a popular expression for the past decade. It is now so extensive that its meaning can span from being physically to socially aware. Societal consciousness is kept in a lot of ways because of the vast number of researches in different fields and constant media exposure. People have learned millions of facts about the human body unknown to our ancient ancestors. Yet Dr. Bob Moorehead (1995) has once put that we have â€Å"more medicine, but less wellness†. For instance, cancer is known to be a potent killer of human beings yet until now we have no cure for it. In this sense, let’s take cervical cancer differently. This type of cancer occurring in women is the only one known to be caused by a certain type of human papillomavirus (HPV) (â€Å"Genital HPV Infection,† 2004). Viruses can be destroyed by antiviral agents such as chemicals, ionizing radiation and vaccines (Tortora, 1995). This is the reason why there are a large number of groups around the world promoting awareness about this disease believing that it could be the easiest cancer to fight. The World Health Organization (2007) has categorized human cervical cancer as one of the leading types of cancer in women affecting over 510,000 cases annually. It is often asymptomatic which means that the person infected may not immediately know that she is infected. Tests should be done to detect the presence of this disease. Agent of the Disease A group of DNA viruses from the family Papovaviridae cause cervical cancer. This family also includes viruses that cause warts. Human Papillomavirus is the causative agent of cervical cancer. Certain strains are responsible for the simple warts but a few â€Å"high-risk types† of strains lead to cervical cancer (Parkin, 2006). Although viruses can lead to this disease, the American Cancer Society also lists smoking, secondary infection and genetic predisposition as risky factors (â€Å"Cervical,† 2007). HPV strains 16 and 18 are especially risky to women as it causes a certain change in the cervical cells detected through a Pap test. Thus, a woman can be diagnosed of cervical cancer if there is an HPV infection but not all women with HPV can lead to cervical cancer. Vulnerability to the Disease In 2005, lung cancer is the leading cause of death of American citizens and cervical cancer statistics are low (WHO, 2007). Pregnant women can also be affected by this virus but cases of vertical transmission to the offspring are rare. Basically, men and women are prone to infection and transmission of the virus. Women who get infected by HPV are usually sexually active or may have been exposed to the virus previously. They may have multiple sex partners or a single infected partner (â€Å"Genital HPV Infection,† 2004). Again, the HPV strain that causes warts is different from the one causing cervical cancer which means that having warts is not directly linked to having cervical cancer. Environmental Factors As far as infection is concerned, sexual contact is enough to elicit a possibility especially if the partner is infected by the virus. WHO considers poor diet, primary HIV infection, taking oral contraceptives and multiple pregnancies as environmental risks too. Dietary factors such as having foods that are carcinogenic and unhealthy eating habits can lead not only to cervical cancer but to other diseases too. HIV infection, which impairs the human’s immune system against diseases, may bring about cervical cancer making HPV an opportunistic pathogen. There is no clear basis of the link of oral contraceptives and having multiple pregnancies to cancer but hormonal drugs may induce cellular changes in lining of the cervix. There have been recent reports that the use of condoms reduces the risk of HPV infection and cervical cancer in women (â€Å"Condoms help†¦. ,† 2006). Further studies are conducted about this claim and is still a topic of debate in the scientific community. Modes for Disease Transmission Since cervical cancer is primarily caused by a virus, transmission of the disease is through direct contact, in this case, genital contact. An infected genitalia may have sores or ruptures that may come into contact with an uninfected genitalia. Oral sex can also transmit the virus. HPV infection from mothers to newborns is rare or may lead to respiratory papillomatosis. A recent study has reported that a person that may have been infected earlier by a milder strain of the HPV may lead to cervical cancer. Persistent strains may remain dormant in the body and in later years alter its physiology and cause cervical cancer (Cason, Rice & Best, 1998). Thus, the early claim that only â€Å"high-risk types† of strains can cause cervical cancer needs to be re-assessed. Controlling the Spread of the Disease With the increased awareness of the benefits of early detection and prevention of cervical cancer, there are a lot of ways to avoid contracting and preventing the spread of the disease. Cellular analysis, vaccination, use of condoms and the use of microbicides are few suggestions (â€Å"Human Papillomavirus,† 2007). Cytological analysis of the lining of the cervix, commonly called a Pap smear test is effective in distinguishing cellular growth abnormalities. If the Pap smear test results are abnormal, an HPV test that detects the presence of the DNA of the virus can be subsequently done. There are also latest additions of tetravalent vaccines developed by multinational pharmaceutical companies that are now commercially available for women only. The vaccines are still not fool-proof as there are reports of minor side-effects like having fever and redness of the skin (â€Å"HPV,† 2006). Avoiding sexual contact is the most effortless and cheapest way of prevention. Another simple and convenient technique of preventing spread is through the use of condoms. Although condoms are believed to be preventive of sexually transmitted diseases, the effectivity of this practice is still under deliberation. Still there is no harm in using condoms because prevention is always better than cure. Lastly, latest idea in disease control is the production of topical microbicides that can kill the virus before sexual contact. Social and Cultural Influences It is a stigma in this society being labeled as someone having a sexually transmitted disease. Having the disease is already tough, plus the collective prejudice one is subjected to. In the context of social relevance, people have become liberal about having sexual contact where there is no issue about unmarried couples having sex. Teens under legal age also commit this act. It is therefore incontestable that the chances of contracting the disease are really high in this modern age. Awareness of the cause, prevention, detection and treatment of cervical cancer is indubitably crucial. Social beliefs can sometimes prevent the treatment of the disease. The use of condoms is an issue to the Catholic persuasion. Contraceptives are not an option for Catholics, as instructed by the Vatican. Another issue about the treatment of cervical cancer is the use of vaccines that are not yet suitable for use of everyone and may cause side-effects. From the past decades, there have been significant steps in promoting awareness of sexually transmitted diseases. Princess Diana of Wales guilelessly reduced the stigma put by the society to HIV infected patients all over the world. Other famous figures followed her lead to not only erase prejudice but also to let everyone know what these diseases are and find ways to cure them. In the modern world, certain groups educate people worldwide and create ways to reach out to people such as the Digene Corporation. Conclusion Cervical cancer in women is primarily caused by an infection of the human papillomavirus (HPV). There are certain strains that are â€Å"high-risk† for cervical cancer. It is believed that the virus causes an alteration in the cells of the cervix that can lead to cancer. Transmission of the disease is through direct sexual contact or through oral sex where the uninfected skin comes into contact with an infected sore or lesion. Since the cancer is caused by a virus, it is believed to be treated easily and preventable in some ways. Vaccination, the use of condom and topical microbicides, and undergoing the Pap test are some suggested ways to avoid and control the spread of the disease. Due to its curable nature, steps are now done to promote awareness about the disease so that people can avoid contracting and find ways to cure it. References Cason, J. , Rice, P. , & Best, J. (1998). Transmission of cervical cancer-associated human papillomaviruses from mother to child. Intervirology, 41:213-218. Retrieved July 6, 2007, from http://content. karger. com/ProdukteDB/produkte. asp? Doi=24939 â€Å"Cervical Cancer†. 2007, Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia (2007).. Retrieved July 5, 2007, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cervical_cancer Condoms help protect against cervical cancer 2006. Associated Press. Retrieved July 6, 2007, from http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/13461194/ â€Å"Genital HPV Infection – CDC Fact Sheet† 2004. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved July 5, 2007, from http://www. cdc. gov/std/HPV/STDFact-HPV. htm â€Å"HPV (Human Papillomavirus)†. 2006. U. S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved July 5, 2007, from http://www. fda. gov/WOMENS/getthefacts/hpv. html â€Å"Human Papillomavirus† . 2007. Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia (2007).. Retrieved July 5, 2007, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus â€Å"Human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer†. 2007. World Health Organization. Retrieved July 5, 2007, from http://www. who. int/vaccine_research/diseases/hpv/en/ Moorehead, B. (1995). â€Å"The Paradox of our age. † Retrieved July 6, 2007, from http://www. trans4mind. com/counterpoint/moorehead. shtml Parkin DM (2006). â€Å"The global health burden of infection-associated cancers in the year 2002†. Int. J. Cancer 118 (12): 3030-44. PMID 16404738. Tortora,G. J. et. al. 1995. Microbiology: An Introduction. 5th ed. USA: The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company. â€Å"The Impact of Cancer† 2007. World Health Organization. Retrieved July 5, 2007, from http://www. who. int/ncd_surveillance/infobase/web/InfoBasePolicyMaker/reports/ReporterFullView. aspx? id=5

Adolescent Alcohol Abuse Essay

Over the years, many researchers have dedicated their time and energy to study adolescent alcohol abuse. They have found that there are many factors that contribute to adolescent alcohol abuse. These factors are psychological, environmental, social, and cultural. Not all of these factors play a part in every adolescent who abuses alcohol, but one of these factors is usually present. Psychological disorders have been found in both American, and Taiwan adolescents who abuse alcohol. The health risks of adolescent alcohol abuse are great. Alcohol affects the physiology of a young person. It disrupts the genetics and hormonal balances that are critical in the early development of youngsters. Treatment of alcohol abuse is a great state of change and development. Many therapists, doctors and counselors are trying to incorporate new treatment ideas and methods into the traditional techniques that have been used for years now. It is important to research the factors that contribute to adolescent alcohol abuse because if these factors are detected early, and an adolescent is put into a prevention program the likelihood that they will abuse alcohol will greatly decrease. Psychological Factors. See more:  Manifest Destiny essay According to the research, there have been many psychological problems found in adolescents who abuse alcohol. The majority of the research has been done in order to solve the question of whether or not these psychological factors are present before an adolescent abuses alcohol, or after the alcohol abuse has occurred. In the research done by Rhode, Lewinsohn, and Seeley (1996), they used a community sample of 1,507 adolescents between the ages of fourteen and eighteen. The adolescents were classified into the categories of abstainers, experimenters, social drinkers, problem drinkers, and abuse and/or dependent groups. In this study, 373 subjects met the criteria for depression, 15 were bipolar, 93 suffered from manic core symptoms, and 124 had an anxiety disorder (Rhode et al. , 1996). Furthermore, anxiety disorder and depression were psychological disorders that were more prevalent in female adolescents with alcohol abuse than their male counterparts. Males who abused alcohol tended to suffer from antisocial personality disorder. It is believed that females who suffer from anxiety disorder or depression use alcohol as a self-medication to make them feel better. According to Clark, and Bukstein (1998), one form of antisocial disorder known as conduct disorder lead adolescents to act out and seek out new experiences. This is probably the reason why adolescent males with an antisocial disorder turn to alcohol abuse. According to Rhode (et al. , 1996), â€Å"More than 80% of adolescents with an alcohol use disorder had another psychiatric disorder†¦. † (p. 106). In his study, the alcohol abuse tended to follow rather than proceed the psychiatric disorder. From this, it can be concluded that certain psychological disorders such as antisocial disorder, and depression are a factor in adolescent alcohol abuse. Environmental Factors Many studies have focused on the environmental factors that adolescents are exposed to, and how these factors lead to alcohol abuse. The aim of a study performed by Clark, Lesnick, and Hegedus (1997), â€Å"Was to examine trauma history and other adverse life events in adolescents with alcohol dependence or abuse and to compare them with a sample of community-dwelling adolescents without alcohol use disorder† (p. 1746). This study included 256 adolescents between the ages of fourteen and eighteen (Clark et al. , 1997). Adolescents who abused, or were dependent on alcohol reported more traumas then those in the control group. The types of abuse experienced by males and females tended to differ. Females experienced more sexual abuse, and males tended to be victims of violent acts. Both sexual abuse victims, and victims of violent acts showed increased amounts of alcohol use than those adolescents who were not abused in any way. If subjects experienced a number of traumas, they tended to abuse alcohol more than those that experienced only one trauma or no trauma at all. From this study, it can be concluded that trauma and abuse leads to adolescent alcohol abuse. Social Factors A study done on Hispanic and Black adolescents in the New York inner cities concluded that there were indeed social factors that contributed to adolescent alcohol abuse. The study used a sample of 4,874 Hispanic and African American seventh graders. The purpose of the study was to identify the social risk factors that promote adolescent alcohol abuse in Hispanic and African American (Epstein, Botvin, Baker, & Diaz, 1999). If an adolescent’s friends tended to drink on a consistent basis, he/she showed a greater amount of alcohol abuse than those who did not associate with friends who did drink alcohol. Also, family members play a major part in adolescent alcohol abuse. The family is another social factor that contributes to adolescent alcohol abuse. If an adolescent saw their parent consume alcohol, they also tended to abuse alcohol. Parents were not the only family members that influenced adolescent alcohol abuse; siblings also had an influence. If a sibling abused alcohol, the adolescent models this abuse. Their findings were present in both Hispanic and African American adolescents. Cultural factors. In the study done by Epstein and her collogues, cultural differences were also a factor in adolescent with alcohol abuse. According to Epstein (et al. , 1999), â€Å"Hispanic adolescents consumed more alcohol per drinking occasion and had greater intention to drink in the future than black adolescents. This was true when the models were tested separately for girls and boys† (p. 16). The use of alcohol among Hispanics could be due to the fact that it may be a cultural practice that allows an adolescent to identify with their culture. Religion is another cultural factor that plays a role in adolescent alcohol abuse. African American religions consider the consumption of alcohol a sin, so if an African American practices in their religion they are less likely to abuse alcohol than someone who does not practice their religion. However, this was not a factor for Hispanic adolescent alcohol abuse. A final cultural difference may be that more Hispanic adolescents have immigrated to this country in past years than black adolescents have. Therefore Hispanic adolescents have had the added stress of adapting to a new society. In turn Hispanic adolescents turn to alcohol abuse as a way of coping with their increased stress. Taiwan All of the studies mentioned above were performed in the United States. However, there have been studies done in other countries on adolescent alcohol abuse. One study was done on adolescents living in Taiwan. The results were very interesting. Many of the factors that are presents in American adolescents were also found in adolescents living in Taiwan. According to Chong, Chan, and Cheng (1999), â€Å"Among those successfully interviewed, 411 were males and 363 were females. Their mean age was 15. 23 years† (p. 1389). Like American adolescents who abused alcohol, Taiwan adolescents also had psychological factors presents. The most common psychological disorders found in Taiwan adolescents were disruptive behavior disorder, depression, and antisocial disorder. These disorders were also present in American adolescents. Alcoholism and Health Adolescent alcohol abuse is recognized as a major health concern in the United States. According to Arria and Tarter (1991), â€Å"It is likely that an older adolescents who first consumed alcohol in the preteen years will experience greater alcohol-related medical complications than will an adolescent who has been drinking for a shorter period of time† (p. 52). Although the length of time that an adolescent has been drinking is a major factor related to health, it is not the only one. Other factors may include how much alcohol is consumed at one sitting, and just what age the adolescent began to drink. Very heavy drinking may cause accidental injury. And, drinking at an early age may cause gross developmental complications. Arriea and Tarter (1991) noted that many adolescents also experiment with other drugs, while they are under the influence of alcohol. Other drugs may range from marijuana to crack cocaine and LSD. Using alcohol and other drugs combined can cause serious health risks and concerns. One major concern of adolescent alcohol abuse is the effects that abuse has on puberty. The results of the abuse may be most prevalent in the growth of the adolescent. It has been shown in both human and animal studies that alcohol consumption can stunt the physical growth of an adolescent approaching and during puberty. Arriea and Tarter (1991), stated that, â€Å"normal physical growth is dependent on a complex interaction between genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences† (P. 53). Alcohol severely effects this interaction. Treatment Whenever we talk about alcohol abuse with adolescents, we must talk about the treatment. Without proper treatment, the adolescent will end up in the same place over and over again. In the study done by Bukstein (1994), he stated that, â€Å"treatment for adolescents currently are undergoing rapid changes,? , by reducing their costs and emphasizing less restrictive treatment modalities† (p. 298). Many of the longer 28 or 38 day inpatient programs are being transformed into outpatient or partial hospitalization plans. Because these shorter programs have not been around long enough to gather information for testing, it is unable to tell if they are going to have any kind of affect on the adolescent’s rehabilitation. I feel that these cuts will have a negative effect on the treatment of youngsters. I think that these shorter programs may work for adults, but they will not work well with the adolescents because of the emotional immaturity present in young people. While many researchers believe that traditional treatment programs are the key, there has been some interest in alternative programs. According to Bukstein (1994), many programs are beginning to integrate an array of, â€Å"family or behavioral treatments, health services, vocational and educational services, and recreational activities in addition to 12-step principles† (p.299). This kind of treatment combines traditional 12-step programs with new innovative ideas of reaching the child through various activities. Once again, this kind of treatment is not yet able to be tested because of its immaturity. It will be very interesting to see what kind of affect this treatment will have. Conclusion There are many factors that contribute to adolescent alcohol abuse. These factors may be psychological, environmental, social, or cultural. If these factors were detected in an adolescent at an early age, it could prevent the adolescent form abusing alcohol. Health problems due to heavy alcohol abuse could also be prevented if these factors are detected early enough. Treatment is a crucial part of dealing with an adolescent that is suffering from alcohol abuse. I believe that much research must be done to ensure that methods are being executed properly. There has been some effort to combine new treatment with traditional ones. I believe that this is a good thing. It will be interesting to see if this new treatment will help. References Arria, Amelia M. , Tarter, Ralph E. (1991). The effects of alcohol abuse on the health of adolescents. Alcohol Health and Research World, 15 (1), 52-57. Bukstein, Oscar G. (1994). Treatment of adolescent alcohol abuse and dependence. Alcohol Health and Research World, 18 (4), 296-301. Chong, M. Y. , Chan, K. W. , & Cheng, A. T. A. (1999). Substance use disorders among adolescents in Taiwan: Prevalence, sociodemeographic correlates and psychiatric co-morbidity. Psychological Medicine, 26 (6), 1387-1396. Clark, D. , Lesnick, L. , & Hegedus, A. (1997). Traumas and Other adverse life events in adolescents with alcohol abuse and dependence. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 36 (12), 1744-1751. Clark, D. , & Bukstein, O. (1998). Psychopathology in adolescent alcohol abuse and dependence. Alcohol Health & Research World 22 (2), 117-121. Epstein, J. , Botvin, G. , & Diaz, T. (1999). Impact of social influences and problem behavior on alcohol use among inner-city hispanic and black adolescents. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 60 (5), 595-604. Rhode, P. , Lewinsohn, P. , & Seeley, J. R. (1996). Psychiatric comoribidity with problematic alcohol use in high school students. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 35 (1), 101-109. Adolescent Alcohol Abuse Juvenile Delinquency.

Free Essays on Third Party

Since the last of the Whig party left office in 1852, the American political system has been primarily a two party system. The Democrats and the Republicans have been the two parties fighting for the Presidency since that time. There have been many other parties since that time, but mainly, these two have gone unopposed against each other. However, how much good do these parties actually do? Would our country be run as effectively if the presence of political parties was no longer a factor? It is the opinion of the authors that the U.S. Government would exist without political parties and may, in fact be stronger. The concept of political parties seems to go against what it means to be a politician: to represent his or her constituents. More time, money and effort, it seems is put into getting elected to an office than actually doing work for the people in that office. One fairly recent example is seen in the case of the proposed federal Balanced Budget Amendment. Mark Hatfield, Republican Oregon Senator, went against his parties wishes and voted against the amendment. His party nearly abandoned him for choosing the people over his party. Many senators are faced with the same decision every day, but instead stick with party beliefs and not what they feel would be the best for the people. In order for true democracy to be achieved in our government, we feel drastic changes need to occur. Review Of The Literature Since the mid 1850's, the Democrats and Republicans have had control of the nation government. The only place where opposition was felt was at the state and local levels. However, in the early days of our country, third and fourth party candidates played important roles in politics. A few of these parties from our history are the: Democrat-Republicans, Jefferson Republicans, Whigs and Federalists. Many other lesser known or hardly known at all parties were the: S... Free Essays on Third Party Free Essays on Third Party Since the last of the Whig party left office in 1852, the American political system has been primarily a two party system. The Democrats and the Republicans have been the two parties fighting for the Presidency since that time. There have been many other parties since that time, but mainly, these two have gone unopposed against each other. However, how much good do these parties actually do? Would our country be run as effectively if the presence of political parties was no longer a factor? It is the opinion of the authors that the U.S. Government would exist without political parties and may, in fact be stronger. The concept of political parties seems to go against what it means to be a politician: to represent his or her constituents. More time, money and effort, it seems is put into getting elected to an office than actually doing work for the people in that office. One fairly recent example is seen in the case of the proposed federal Balanced Budget Amendment. Mark Hatfield, Republican Oregon Senator, went against his parties wishes and voted against the amendment. His party nearly abandoned him for choosing the people over his party. Many senators are faced with the same decision every day, but instead stick with party beliefs and not what they feel would be the best for the people. In order for true democracy to be achieved in our government, we feel drastic changes need to occur. Review Of The Literature Since the mid 1850's, the Democrats and Republicans have had control of the nation government. The only place where opposition was felt was at the state and local levels. However, in the early days of our country, third and fourth party candidates played important roles in politics. A few of these parties from our history are the: Democrat-Republicans, Jefferson Republicans, Whigs and Federalists. Many other lesser known or hardly known at all parties were the: S...

Top 4 Activities to Reach Reluctant Readers

Top 4 Activities to Reach Reluctant Readers We have all had those students who have a love for reading, and the ones who dont. There may be many factors that correlate with why some students are reluctant to read. The book may be too hard for them, parents at home may not actively encourage reading, or the student is just not interested in what they are reading. As teachers, it is our job to help nurture and develop a love of reading in our students. By employing strategies and creating a few fun hands-on activities, we can motivate students to want to read, and not just because we make them read. The following four hands-on reading activities will encourage even the most reluctant readers to be excited about reading: Storia for iPad Technology today is unbelievable! There are so many ways to make books exciting that Scholastic book clubs decided to join in on the fun of ebooks! This app is exciting because not only is it free to download, but the amenities seem endless! There are literally thousands of books to download, from picture books to chapter books. Storia offers interactive read aloud books, a built-in highlighter and dictionary, along with learning activities to accompany the book. If you give a student the opportunity to choose a hands-on book of their choice, you will see it is a powerful way to encourage even the most reluctant reader. Record Students Reading Books Allowing children to choose what they want to read based upon their own interests will encourage them to want to read. A fun activity to try is to let the student select a book of their choice and record them reading the book aloud. Then play back the recording and have the student follow along to their voice. Research has shown that when students listen to themselves read, their reading becomes better. This is the perfect activity to add to your learning centers. Place a tape recorder and several different books in the reading center and allow students to take turns taping themselves read. Teacher Read Aloud Listening to stories from a teacher may be one of a students favorite parts of the school day. To instill this kind of passion for reading with your students, give them the opportunity to choose which book you read to the class. Choose two or three books that you feel are appropriate for your students and let them vote on the best one. Try to sway the vote towards the students who you know are the reluctant ones to read. Have a Scavenger Hunt Games are a fun way to engage students in learning while still having fun. Try creating a classroom scavenger hunt where each team has to read the clues to find out where the items they are searching for are. The students that do not like to read will not even realize they are practicing their reading skills.

My abilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My abilities - Essay Example With reference to our previous conversation, I am very much for the idea of launching F&F's products in the international market. I have analyzed this, and found it to be an extremely viable idea. The international market is much bigger than the local one and the potential for sales and profits is great. Growth rate in many foreign markets can surpass domestic markets and can help in keeping the company's competitive local competitive advantage. Of course, as with any business venture, there are real risks involved, but I believe that with the proper execution and the right marketing strategy, the benefits would far outweigh the risks. Since F&F has already established itself in the local shoe market, I believe that extending this success internationally is but a natural and logical step. A product's domestic success is a good indicator of its chances in the overseas market, especially if similar conditions and needs are present. But what works here may be different in other countries, so each market should be treated individually, screening it for entry options for marketing as well as being sensitive of its cultural implications. I understand your apprehension about making foreign investments (building overseas factories, etc.) so I suggest exporting. This strategy would optimize the capabilities of local factories, and your plan of expanding the operations in Florida will be helpful in this matter. In addition to that, the excess local production capacities can be sold to other markets. My long-term objective is to make F&F the brand synonymous with high-demand, high-quality, luxury sporting goods. F&F is already known for making high-quality products without competition, and this could be our key to success. We must pursue an aggressive marketing campaign to build our brand image since this would maintain our considerable competitive advantage. Upscale markets in the sporting industry is very lucrative. My strategy is to fill untapped markets that desire high-end, high-quality shoes; to know what this market wants and fulfill its needs. Potential buyers are willing to spend more on products if it builds their image and makes them look good. F&F products, being of high quality and fashion would undoubtedly fill the niche for this market. Having no direct competitors makes this goal much easier. The possibility of counterfeit goods is a problem that could not be totally eradicated. However, I believe any potential competition from, say, Chinese imitations will not be great, as the competition is based on quality rather than price. Also, the target market is comprised of discriminating customers and will realize the inherent value of owning the real thing. Good planning should not be overlooked. Formulating a good export strategy by proper market assessment and knowing the right information will ensure that the company makes the best choices and that resources are optimally used. I am aware that taking you up on this kind offer is no easy task. But armed with the proper understanding of international markets and thorough planning, I am confident that we can pull this off. I am enthusiastically looking forward to the opportunity of working for F&F. I look forward to hearing from you soon

Arts administration and cultural heritage Research Paper

Arts administration and cultural heritage - Research Paper Example Telecasting companies in the present day are competing with one another to provide customers with best exploiting technology. Public Broadcasting Services (PBS) and Discovery Communications (DC) are two major television networks in the US that provide 24 hours broadcasting services to the country’s citizens. While PBS, with its 345 member stations, is a nonprofit public organization, DC is profit motivated and broadcasts a wide variety of non-fictional programs encompassing the topics of science, engineering, animal and plant life, marine life, science and technology, political events, environmental issues etc. It is one of the most vibrant players in the field surviving the stiff competition from other major network such as national geographic, Times networks etc. Organization and Structure: 1) Mission Statement of PBS: The Mission Statement of PBS encompasses the generation of content that informs, educates, and inspires. To achieve this, PBS provides  programs that develo p the minds of kids, documentaries,  non-commercialized programs for news that keep people informed on events around   the world and other cultures  and  various other programs that introduce US citizens to the worlds of theater, music, art and dance.   PBS has transformed itself from linear broadcasting business to a multi-platform leader that provides Americans access to mobile TV, television,  Web,  interactive whiteboards in the classroom  and more. PBS reaches out through their services to 123 million citizens by way of television and above 21 million people online every month.   2) Mission Statement of Discovery Communications: Discovery Communications is dedicated to being a globally renowned content provider of various options workplace. By building a healthy and wide-ranging work atmosphere that supports flexibility, balance, and different perspectives, they strive to inspire their employees to attain their maximum potential. They value of their team and f acilitate them the best resources and tools in the industry. Structure of PBS and Discovery Communications: 1) Structure of PBS: Primarily, PBS is not a network of television, but a membership business establishment. Out of 1,500 television stations in the US only about 350 are eligible for federal support as public television. â€Å"Of the 11,500 AM and FM stations operating in the U.S., only 1,650 are noncommercial and only about 700 qualify for federal support as public radio. Not wanting competition for their commercial programming, the big three networks successfully lobbied congress against structuring public broadcasting as a fourth network. Congress complied and created a highly decentralized public broadcasting service† (U.S. Public Broadcasting: Structure and Programming, 2003). The Corporation for Public Broadcasting acts as the financial agent for their services. CPB submits their budget straight to Congress and receives the funds as designated. To facilitate matc hing grants for development of programs, CPB receives funding in 3year cycles. On the other hand, the parliament and/or the White House exercise the power to rescind earlier authorization of funds. 2) Structure of Discovery Communications: Discovery Communications has, in the recent past, realigned its American networks portfolio with a view to further improve their content, programs, operational and promotional

Expand a company Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Expand a company - Assignment Example They are now looking for value and savings which the proposed franchise can offer to them (Marketing Charts Staff, 2011). The risk that the proposed business is facing is market dilution. Meaning, the market and even the end users might copy the idea and just purchase the parts and assemble the computer by themselves thus making the company irrelevant. This risk and threat could be neutralized however by forging relationship with suppliers where they will offer the franchise significant discount in computer parts so that the discounted rate can be passed on to the customers making the company more attractive. This is very possible when the business is already expanding because the franchise can now order in scale. The reduced price can also serve as a barrier to potential competitors by making competition tougher for them. Also, The franchise has to be paired with repair service as a technical and customer support to win and customer loyalty and as an added value to entice customers to customize computers instead of buying them ready made. If customer preference towards computers wil shift towards assembly, it will be favorable to the franchise and that would mean more business. Marketing Charts Staff. â€Å"US Consumers Display Price Sensitivity†. November 2, 2011. Marketing Charts.com. November 19, 2012

Shopping in Malls in India

Shopping in Malls in India INTRODUCTION: The concept of shopping in malls in India is undergoing a dramatic change. A few years back, people just used to visit a lot of stores for their needs, but off late every shopping mall seems to be overflowing with people of different ages- from children to adults. With globalization at its peak and paving a way for the international brands, people now feel that they can get anything that they want in these shopping malls be it electronic goods, apparel and consumer durables. For the past few years researchers have been working to establish a relationship between shopping in malls and the income level of people. The reason for conducting such a research is to find out which sections of the society (lower middle class or higher middle class) do a lot of shopping in the malls. But yet, not many people will be comfortable in sharing their income details as it is personal. This is the area which tests the researchers, as to how they will be able to establish a positive relationship between the two. BACKGROUND AND SCOPE OF STUDY: This study will be conducted with the aim to develop a relationship between shopping in malls and the income level of people. The study primarily focuses on the consumers buying behavior in a mall. It helps us to understand the mindset of the consumers, by which we can develop more products according to their needs. For this study the Spencers Plaza mall will be chosen. Primary data, which is the feedback received directly from the consumers, will be collected and represented in statistical form. The outcome so obtained will be analyzed and possible conclusions will be drawn. Recently, there has been a tremendous increase in the number of shopping malls in Chennai. The reason for the sudden upheaval of so many shopping malls can be related to globalization taking its pace. The growth factors for the shopping malls are the conscious citizens who prefer a sophisticated environment to shop and also with so many international brands making its presence in India, it has created the need to establish a place which has everything within one roof. The concept of shopping malls in India is largely gaining popularity as it attracts customers by way of excellent ambience, style and elegance, having the potential to make one shop and enjoy the experience as well. Spencers Plaza, Big Bazzar, Ampa skywalk, City Centre are the big players today. Adding to the list are the upcoming Chennai Central, Ramee Mall etc. OBJECTIVES OF STUDY: To conduct an in depth study on consumer buying behavior in a shopping mall To identify the relation between the income pattern and shopping in the mall among the selected samples. To know what the average consumer prefers to buy today from the samples selected. To gain information regarding consumers monthly income, general buying preferences, visiting preferences and the expectations of a mall among the selected samples. To establish a correlation between consumers income level and shopping in malls. HYPOTHESIS: Null Hypothesis: Ho: Shopping in the mall and consumer income is not related. Alternate Hypothesis: Ha: Shopping and consumer income is related METHODOLOGY: SAMPLING DESIGN AND TOOLS: The study will be conducted among people visiting Spencers Plaza mall. The type of sampling used for the study will be Stratified Sampling, as there will be a difference among the people pertaining to age, occupation and income level. Data will be collected by way of Primary and Secondary data. Primary data will be collected by way of a questionnaire, and a field survey of a sample will be conducted in some of the busiest areas in Chennai such as T. Nagar, Adyar, Nungambakkam and Alwarpet. Consumers will be directly approached and presented with a questionnaire which will be designed to gain information on their monthly income, general buying preferences, visiting preferences and expectations of a mall. Secondary source of data will be collected by way of magazines, internet news articles, journals and other sites. The type of the research carried out will be an exploratory research, as it gives first hand information, which is primary data and often more reliable than secondary data . The data collected from samples will be tabulated, analyzed and interpreted for results. DATA ANALYSIS: The collected data will be analyzed statistically. The ‘Chi- Square test or the ‘Goodness of fit test will be used to test the null hypothesis. The Chi Square test will be of help in determining the difference between the observed and the expected values. A ‘Correlation analysis will be done to test the relationship between shopping in malls and consumers income level. For simplifying the analysis of the collected data, the data will be tabulated and presented graphically for easier understanding as well. POSSIBLE OUTCOMES: A clear understanding of consumer dimensions and mindset Customer loyalty programs to be emphasized upon as it is a significant factors A clear picture of the indicators which creates a drive to purchase in the consumers can be understood. The relationship between shopping in malls and income level, if any, will be established LIMITATIONS OF STUDY: While working on this project I will have to face some difficulties while collecting data. The samples will be collected only from one shopping mall, and hence preference of mall cannot be generalized. People may not be interested and comfortable in providing family income details. They may consider it to be personal to disclose such details. It may be difficult to get all the respondents to answer in the sample, as they may not be willing to spend time to answer the questionnaire. Time constraint will also be one of the limitations of the study as verification of all the responses collected from consumers will not be possible.